Solution:

The best way to analyze the situation would be forcing a win for white when the black player plays anywhere but a corner square. Refer to the given figure for the current positions. Now, if black plays 7 to block the white player from having three in a row, white will move 5 to 6 and will win. But since you get to place only three markers, black can place the marker at 6 and white won't be able to add one more at 7 to win. And moving the 9 marker to 7 will take two steps.

But white can still get to square 7 before black is able to block him or form a three in a row. In this manner, no matter what black does, the white player can always win the game if he begins from the center square.

Solution:

See the figure for the answer. Wasn't it a bit tricky?

Solution:

David to play second

Explanation:
Let's suppose that David plays first and he picks 9. Then Albert will definitely pick 8. Now, David will have to pick 7 or Albert will pick 7 in his turn. But if David picks up 7, then he will score 16 that is beyond 15 and will lose. So one thing is for sure, no one will be willing to start with the highest digits.

Suppose David plays first and picks up 1, Albert will pick 2. Then David will pick 3 and Albert will pick 4. Now David will be forced to pick 9. The score is 6 to 13 and thus David will have no chance of winning.

If David Picks 9 after Albert has picked up 2, then Albert will pick 8 and the score will become 10 to 10. Thus David will pick 3 as picking 7 will send him past 15. Now Albert will pick 4 and David has nothing to pick for winning. Thus Albert wins.

Therefore, you should suggest David to play second.

Solution:

Assume that P, Q and R are the three friends. Now P is earning X amount, Q is earning Y amount and R is earning Z amount.

First, P will add his salary to a random amount A and will tell the combined sum to Q.
X + A

Now, Q will add his salary and a random amount B to the amount passed by P. He will then pass it to R.
X + A + Y + B

Now R will add his salary and a random amount C to the total amount passed by Q.
X + A + Y + B + Z + C.

Now, R will pass this amount back to P. P will deduct the random amount added by him in the beginning.
X + Y + B + Z + C

He will now pass this amount to Q who will subtract the random amount he added in his turn.
X + Y + Z + C

He will pass this amount to R who will deduct his random amount.
X + Y + Z

Now this is the total sum of their salaries. R will tell it to P and Q and then each of them can find the average of their salaries by dividing the total amount with 3.

Solution:

1st Bag = One Coin
2nd Bag = Two Coins
3rd Bag = Four Coins
4th Bag = Eight Coins
5th Bag = Sixteen Coins
6th Bag = Thirty Two Coins
7th Bag = Sixty Four Coins
8th Bag = One Hundred and Twenty Eight Coins
9th Bag = Two Hundred and Fifty Six Coins
10th Bag = Remaining Coins.

Now imagine any amount in your mind and you will find out that you can give any amount by just using the pouches (without opening them)

Solution:

Let us first calculate the total number of matches that will be placed:
9C2 * 2
= 9! / (2!7!) * 2
= 8 * 9
= 72
Therefore, every team will play 16 matches.

Let us now glance over the cases that are possible.

Case 1:
Let us say that Team A, Team B and Team C wins 14 matches each (they lose 1 match each from the other two teams), then the Team D can win only (16 - 3 * 2) = 10 matches.

Case 2:
Suppose that, the top 4 teams win 13 matches each.
Team A will win 13 matches and will lose 3 matches from Team B, Team C and Team D.
Team B will win 13 matches and will lose 3 matches from Team A, Team C and Team D.
Team C will win 13 matches and will lose 3 matches from Team A, Team B and Team D.
Team D will win 13 matches and will lose 3 matches from Team A, Team B and Team C.

If this case actually happens, then the Team E will be able to win 8 matches at maximum as Team A, Team B, Team C and Team D will win all the matches played by E.

Case 3:
Suppose that, the top 5 teams win 12 matches each.
Team A will win 12 matches and will lose 3 matches from Team B, Team C, Team D and Team E.
Team B will win 12 matches and will lose 3 matches from Team A, Team C, Team D and Team E.
Team C will win 12 matches and will lose 3 matches from Team A, Team B, Team D and Team E.
Team D will win 12 matches and will lose 3 matches from Team A, Team B, Team C and Team E.
Team E will win 12 matches and will lose 3 matches from Team A, Team B, Team C and Team D.

If this case actually happens, Team E will win 12 matches but it still won't be able to get into the playoffs assuming that it has the lowest run rate among all.

This implies that from case 2, it is evident that a team must win 13 matches at the least to confirm its position in the playoffs.

Solution:

146900

Explanation:
Whenever you face such type of questions, it is wise to begin from the last thing. Here in this question the last thing will be the 9th temple. He climbed down 100 steps and thus you know, he had Rs. 100 before beginning climbing down. Thus, he must have offered Rs. 100 to the god in that temple too (he offered half of the total amount). Also, he must have dropped Rs. 100 while climbing the steps of the ninth temple. This means that he had Rs. 300 before he begand climbing the steps of the ninth temple.

Now, we will calculate in the similar manner for each of the temples backwards.
Before the devotee climbed the eight temple: (300+100)*2 + 100 = 900
Before the devotee climbed the seventh temple: (900+100)*2 + 100 = 2100
Before the devotee climbed the Sixth temple: (2100+100)*2 + 100 = 4300
Before the devotee climbed the fifth temple: (4300+100)*2 + 100 = 8900
Before the devotee climbed the fourth temple: (8900+100)*2 + 100 = 18100
Before the devotee climbed the third temple: (18100+100)*2 + 100 = 36,500
Before the devotee climbed the second temple: (36500+100)*2 + 100 = 73300
Before the devotee climbed the first temple: (73300+100)*2 + 100 = 146900

Therefore, the devotee had Rs. 146900 with him initially.

Solution:

NEELAM.

Explanation:
Just read the car's number upside down and you will know why.

Solution:

You are second in position. When you overtook the second positioned person, you actually took his place and thus you are positioned second now.

Solution:

This is because the queue for buying a donut is extremely long due to which the car engine becomes cool and gives trouble. While the queue for buying brownie is pretty small and thus the car gives no trouble at all.